GMAT 语法700分突破

弗兰克．唐

GMAT 语法700分突破(佛兰克语言教室 416-838-6696)

接触GMAT已经七个年头了，也接触了不少学生，深知学习GMAT语法难点的所在。归纳起来总共三点：1，学习GMAT学子均是非英语环境下学习英语的，因而对英语的习惯表达，语言逻辑，英语语感的欠缺是无疑的。2，中学及大学所学的语法均是解释单一、简单的语法现象，而GMAT语法所考察的重点是复杂、综合的语法现象。3，GMAT的考法是从语言的实际功能-语言表达的层面考察的，是和高考，大学考试的语法选择题是不同的。

要想1-2月突破GMAT语法，达到700分，需要从以下两个方面入手：1，从语言功能表达角度，进行GMAT语法知识准备。2，从解题角度，掌握GMAT语法的解题规律。第一个方面包括以下四个层次的内容：用词原则，句子结构，语法规则，逻辑表达。这四个层次是递进关系，环环紧扣，为700分突破的必要准备。其实，这四个层次包括110条的语法原则，如果你一天背10条，11条就记住了。

首先，从用词原则上看，对于固定的用词50个左右，记住就可以了，例如：require的四个用法：require sb. To do, require of sb. To do, require that (用虚拟语气)， require of sb. sth.;
propose的四个用法：propose +n.., propose to do, propose that, propose doing; make的四种用法：make sth sth, make + n. adj, make it adj for sb to do, make do with(勉强，凑和); cost的两种用法：sth cost sb money(energy), the cost to sb./sth of doing sth.; decide的三种用法：decide to do, decide that (此处的意思为断定，认定)，decide on sth (选择，选定某物),likely的两种用法：sb./sth. Is likely to do sth, it is likely that(从句中多用将来时态)。举两道GMAT的真题来分析一下：
例1：It has been estimated that the annual cost to the United States of illiteracy in lost industrial output and tax revenues is at least $20 billion a year.
(A), the annual cost to the United States of illiteracy in lost industrial output and tax revenues is at least $20 billion a year.
(B), the annual cost of illiteracy to the United States is at least $20 billion a year because of lost industrial output and tax revenues.
(C), literacy costs the United States at least $20 bouillion a year in lost industrial output and tax revenues.
(D), $20 billion a year in lost industrial output and tax revenues is the annual cost to the United States of illiteracy
(E), lost industrial and tax revenues cost the United States at least $20 billion a year because of illiteracy
    显然，这个句子考的是cost的用法，如果知道sth cost sb. money的用法，C准确恰当。in lost industrial output and tax revenues 表示在某方面，because of 句意表达不通。
例2：Although the coordination of monetary policy can help facilitate the orderly financing of existing imbalance, it is unlikely that its effects on their size is significant in the absence of an appropriate fiscal adjustment.
(A), it is unlikely that its effects on their size is significant
(B), it is unlikely that the size of their effect would be significant
(C)，affecting their sizes are not likely to be significant
(D), the significant of their effect on its sizes is unlikely
(E), its effect on their size is not likely to be significant  
根据固定用法effect on，可以排除B,C,D选项，再根据likely的用法，it is unlikely that 多用将来时态, E不好，选A。从另一角度看，A,E区别为A用了从句，翻译为：对他们的大小的影响是重要的是不可能的。不够简洁，句意不通顺；E用了单句，翻译为：对他们的大小的影响不太可能是重要的，简洁，通顺。（待续）