雅思IELTS A类小作文之--饼图、流程图、表格及图形题

SummerLin

往期雅思备考集锦  链接在这里
https://bbs.51.ca/home.php?mod=space&uid=461421&do=thread&view=me&type=thread&order=dateline&from=space&page=1

                                                   饼图 Pie Chart  

比例较高
Pie charts generally show figures in percentages and your language in writing the report should reflect this:
1. 基本结构：introduction + main body + conclusion

2. 词汇、句式的变化：The candidate will receive a higher mark if the writing uses a range of structures and vocabulary correctly rather than a limited number.

3. Paraphrase

例： The pie charts below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.
The percentage of various types of poor households in Australia in 1999 is indicated through the graph.

二、语料库：

显示：describe, illustrate, demonstrate, summarize, indicate, outline, unfold, reveal
数据：number, figure, data, information
比例：proportion, percentage, ratio
部分：portion, part, segment, item, section, slice

A占总数的X％
A takes up X% of  total
Make up / account for / constitute / comprise / represent

余下的，剩下的  the rest,the remainder, the remaining

Three steps:

1. 先审题，再读图。先看字，再看数。
2. 几张饼，几种馅：饼之间的关系
3. 变化和趋势：

第一种： 整体+局部  （也可理解为总饼+分饼）

此种在写作时务必要在首段表明两个pie chart是总体general 和部分detail的关系。

第二种： 几者平行比较

第三种： 时间变化

第四种： 时间和类比结合

                                 Table 表格

表格题很抽象。数字（或比例）太多，难以取舍。变化趋势不直观。
常用词汇：
在…方面：  in terms of / in respect of /regarding/as for…
分布：  Distribute, rank, the range of… from…to…
分别地：differently, separately, respectively

写法：

分组法：增加组，减少组，持平组
找极值法。

                                             

  

                            Flow Chart  流程图

注意事项：

基本不会出现数据，文字信息主导。

时态相对单一，主要用一般现在时。
使用被动语态，显得客观和正式
找出流程图的始末点，划分中间步骤和阶段
对出专业词汇或生词，照抄即可
多用表述顺序的连接词。

语料库：

泛指过程：process, procedure
各个阶段步骤：stage, step

To begin with, first of all, (at) first, in the first place/stage, initially,to initiate, the first stage involves…
Secondly, the second stage, then, next, after that, in the following stage, the next step,subsequently, later…
Finally, eventually, lastly, the final stage, in the end, at last…
Alternatively, otherwise,In addition, meanwhile, at the same time, simultaneously
Before this, after this…

使用从句
例子：    When the cleaning is done, the bottles are conveyed to a glass factory where they are cut into glass pieces which are then poured into a furnace.

                                              Diagram  图形题

注意时态：描述图表；描述内容。
段落结构：
第一段：概括内容改写
第二段：描述原来的地图
第三段：拿现在的地图和原来的做对比。
第四段：总结全文
地图题所有变化点都需要提到。
逻辑顺序：方位

位置关系

变化：

1. 原来的  the original / previous / former...
2. 原有事物尺寸上变大/变小：
The size of the library has been enlarged/extended/halved/reduced by half
3. 原有事物在数量上增多或减少：
The number of homes has increased/risen/grown/reduced /decreased/dropped/fallen/ doubled/ tripled/ quadrupled to 500.

4. 原有事物没了：
The farms completely disappeared / were removed.
5. 原有事物被改：
A was transformed/reconstructed/redeveloped/converted/changed/turned over to/ into B
A was replaced /substituted by B
A gave way to B； A became B

6. 新添事物
A newly-built road
A new car park was built/established/set up/constructed / completed and opened in the middle of B  
A new IT centre has been added to the library

往期雅思备考集锦  链接在这里
https://bbs.51.ca/home.php?mod=space&uid=461421&do=thread&view=me&type=thread&order=dateline&from=space&page=1