雅思IELTS 阅读如何得高分 (2)~ True/ False / Not Given题

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雅思阅读判断题精讲

True / False / Not Given orYes / No / Not Given

一. 选择True的三种情况

    1，题目与原文重现。或用词、结构和含义都一致。

      原文： In a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes, how have Japanese's tallest and seemingly flimsiest old buildings ----- 500 or so wooden pagodas ----- remained standing for centuries? Records show that only two have collapsed during the past 1,400 years.

      题目： Only two Japanese pagodas have collapsed in 1,400 years.

        2，题目是原文的同义表达。通常用同义词或同义结构。

　　原文：Frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise.
      题目：Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.

      解释：题目中的are unable to 与原文中的are at a loss 是同义词。

题目中的why frogs are dying 与原文中的their demise 是同义词，所以答案应为true。

      3，题目是根据原文中的几句话做出推断或归纳。避免自行推理或过度推理。

      例 1  原文： For example, it has been demonstrated that rapid response leads to a greater likelihood of arrest only if

responses are in the order of 1-2 minutes after a call is received by the police. When response time increase to 3-4 minutes

---still quite a rapid response---the likelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced.
  　题目：A response delay of 1-2 minutes may have substantial influence on whether or not a suspected criminal is caught.

    解释：从原文的两句话可以推断出：1-2 分钟，抓住罪犯的可能性很大，3-4 分钟，可能性就实质性的降低。

所以，1-2 分钟的反应延迟会对嫌疑犯是否被抓住产生实质性的影响，答案应为True。

二、选择False 的四种情况

    1，题目与原文直接相反。通常用反义词、not 加同义词及反义结构。
      例 1  原文：A species becomes extinct when the last individual dies.

　  题目：A species is said to be extinct when only one individual exists.

    解释：可以看出题目与原文是反义结构。原文说一个物种死光，才叫灭绝，而题目说还有一个个体存活，就叫灭绝.

题目与原文直接相反，所以答案应为false。

　
      2，原文是多个条件并列，题目是其中一个条件(出现must 或only)；原文是两个或多个情形(通常是两种情形)都可以，

常有both…and、and、or及also 等词。题目是“必须”或“只有”其中一个情况。

　    例 1 原文：Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all daybreak tours are subject to demand.

subject to availability, stand-by tickets can be purchased from the driver.

      题目：Tickets must be bought in advance from an authorized daybreak agent.

      解释：原文是提前预定、直接向司机购买都可以，是多个条件的并列。题目是必须提前预定，是必须其中一个情况。

所以答案应为false。

      3， 感觉 VS.  事实

      原文为人们对与于某样事物的理论或感觉，题目则强调是客观事实或已被证明。原文强调是一种“理论”或“感觉".

常有feel、及theory等词。题目强调是一种“事实”，常有fact 及prove 等词。

　　例 1  原文：But generally winter sports were felt to be too specialized.

　　题目：The Antwerp games proved that winter sports were too specialized.

      解释：原文中有feel，强调是“感觉”。题目中有prove，强调是“事实”。所以答案为false。

　　例 2  原文：Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases are upsetting the breeding cycles of frogs.

　　题目：It is a fact that frogs' breeding cycles are upset by worldwide increases in temperature.

      解释：原文中有 theory，强调是“理论”。题目中有fact，强调是“事实”。所以为false。

      4，原文和题目中使用了表示不同范围、频率、可能性的词。原文中常用many(很多)、sometimes(有时)及

unlikely(不太可能)等词。题目中常用all(全部)、usually(通常)、always(总是)、及impossible(完全不可能)等词。

        some / many   不一致    all

        sometimes   不一致    always, usually

        be unlikely 不一致    be impossible

        题目：The campsite is open all year round.

        原文：Open April- September，booking is advised for...

  三、选择Not Given 的五种情况：

        1， 题目的某些内容在原文中没有提及，找不到依据。

        题目：The entrance to the campsite is locked after 10pm.

        原文：Don’t make any noise after 10 o’ clock at night or before 7:30 in the morning.

        2, 原文提到的是比较大的范围，题目变成了这个范围中更具体的事物。

        题目：Sydney Harbour is the largest in the world.

        原文：Sydney Harbour is one of the largest in the world.

        3,  意愿  VS. 行动

        原文是渴望、梦想、承诺、目的、宣誓等未发生的事情。题目表述成了事实。

                      原文                                                  题目

        be eager to/ expect / dream /        

        hope / promise / purpose/ aim/           VS.  变成事实，实义动词

        swear/ veow / take an oath

        题目：He never came back.

        原文：He vowed he would never come back.

      4, 题目中有比较级， 原文中没有比较。

      题目：There is now a greater variety of restaurants to choose from in Sydney than in the past.

      原文：In Sydney, a vast array of ethnic and local restaurants can be found to suit all palates and pockets.

      5, 题目中有表示比例的词，原文中有表示数量的词。

      题目：The majority of teachers get satisfaction from their work.

      原文：Many teachers find their jobs very rewarding.

      表示比例的词有：major, minor,majority, minority, half, percent, most.

往期雅思备考集锦  链接在这里
https://bbs.51.ca/home.php?mod=space&uid=461421&do=thread&view=me&type=thread&order=dateline&from=space&page=1