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本帖最后由 Robert Xian 于 2009-12-6 22:26 编辑北京外国语大学2008年考研英汉同声传译专业真题选编 3
将下列短文译为英语（50分）
无论如何，创造财富的物质资源，不论其初始分配如何，最终是要通过各种各样的渠道，流入到具有企业家精神的人手里，这是自由市场的一个基本趋势。这些人获得对他人的财富的支配权、使用权，以之为自己创造财富，并积累财富。这正是自由市场具有效率的根源。它可以动态地、自发地把资源从资源利用效率较低的人手里转移到资源利用效率较高的人手里。
中国人讲“富不过三代”，其中有一些无奈，但也揭示了自由市场的精髓所在：财富本身并不能充当财富的保障。因为，财富本来就不是财富创造出来的。所以，由于企业家精神积累了财富的人的后代，未必总是能够最有效地利用他们手里所掌握的资源。如果是在身份制社会，这就将损害全社会的资源利用效率。而自由市场向这些家庭提供了足够的制度安排，使之自然地将其掌握资源交给富有企业家精神的人控制。假如他们不愿意这样做，那市场就会无情地淘汰他们，以破产倒闭的方式使其交出对资源的控制权。市场总是顽固地要把资源转移到能力最高的企业家手里。权力控制经济的社会、身份制社会、国有企业制度，都无法做到这一点，因而其经济整体效率必然要比市场配置资源的社会低很多。
所以，假如人们期望市场发挥其高效配置资源的功能，那就根本没有必要去操心成功的企业家退休之时如何安排企业的未来。反正财富、资源是要向具有 企业家精神的人手里集中的，只要市场是自由的，这种趋势无人能够改变。那么，对社会来说，最重要的事情是设计种种健全的制度，让那些不具有企业家精神的人 可以方便地将其资源控制交给富有企业家精神的人，而企业家只要可以充分发挥其企业家精神、其财产权得到切实保障，自然可以发现、创造出这些制度来。(680字)
This is the fundamental trend of the free market that the material resource created the wealth will eventually go to the hands of the decent entrepreneurs in all kinds of ways no matter on how it will preliminarily be distributed. Those decent entrepreneurs could create their own wealth and accumulate it by controlling and monopolizing the wealth obtained from the other people. This is a fundamentally effective source to create a free market. The resources can be dynamically and freely transferred from the people who inefficiently make use of to those who could highly exploit.
There is an old saying in China that no one could still be rich over three generations. It shows Chinese people’s unwillingness and unpredictability but also discloses the kernel of its free market, namely； the wealth can’t protect itself. Therefore, the next generation of the entrepreneurs who created the wealth could unnecessarily make an efficient use of the resources in their hands . It will be disastrous for the efficient use of the resources of the whole society if those people were living with the social identity system. The free market provides the families with fully enough social system to naturally transfer the resources to the decent entrepreneurs who could efficiently control it. What if those people refuse to hand out their wealth, they would definitely be eliminated by the market, which could force them to hand out their wealth by pushing them to declare bankruptcy. The bottom line is the market will always stubbornly transfer the resource to the entrepreneurs who have the highest capability. It won’t be realized in the society of “ right controls the economy” , social identity system, or state enterprise system. Its overall efficiency of its economy will definitely lower than the one in the society that the resources could be distributed by the market.
Logically speaking, it's unnecessary to be concerned about the enterprises’ future in case people expect the function of the fully distribution of the resources made by the market itself because nobody could change the trend that the wealth and resources would eventually go to the decent entrepreneurs as long as the market is doomed to be free.
To the whole society, it is crucial to design all varieties of social protection systems for those people who have not the capability of those decent entrepreneurs could eventually hand out their wealth. Ultimately, those systems could be created and set up naturally well as long as the decent entrepreneurs could fully exploit their ability and the protection of their property rights could realistically guaranteed.
将下列短文译为英语（50分）
无论如何，创造财富的物质资源，不论其初始分配如何，最终是要通过各种各样的渠道，流入到具有企业家精神的人手里，这是自由市场的一个基本趋势。这些人获得对他人的财富的支配权、使用权，以之为自己创造财富，并积累财富。这正是自由市场具有效率的根源。它可以动态地、自发地把资源从资源利用效率较低的人手里转移到资源利用效率较高的人手里。
This is the fundamental trend of the free market that the material resource created the wealth will eventually go to the hands of the decent entrepreneurs in all kinds of ways no matter on how it will preliminarily be distributed. Those decent entrepreneurs could create their own wealth and accumulate it by controlling and monopolizing the wealth obtained from the other people. This is a fundamentally effective source to create a free market. The resources can be dynamically and freely transferred from the people who inefficiently make use of to those who could highly exploit.
中国人讲“富不过三代”，其中有一些无奈，但也揭示了自由市场的精髓所在：财富本身并不能充当财富的保障。因为，财富本来就不是财富创造出来的。所以，由于企业家精神积累了财富的人的后代，未必总是能够最有效地利用他们手里所掌握的资源。如果是在身份制社会，这就将损害全社会的资源利用效率。而自由市场向这些家庭提供了足够的制度安排，使之自然地将其掌握资源交给富有企业家精神的人控制。假如他们不愿意这样做，那市场就会无情地淘汰他们，以破产倒闭的方式使其交出对资源的控制权。市场总是顽固地要把资源转移到能力最高的企业家手里。权力控制经济的社会、身份制社会、国有企业制度，都无法做到这一点，因而其经济整体效率必然要比市场配置资源的社会低很多。
There is an old saying in China that no one could still be rich over three generations. It shows Chinese people’s unwillingness and unpredictability but also discloses the kernel of its free market, namely； the wealth can’t protect itself. Therefore, the next generation of the entrepreneurs who created the wealth could unnecessarily make an efficient use of the resources in their hands . It will be disastrous for the efficient use of the resources of the whole society if those people were living with the social identity system. The free market provides the families with fully enough social system to naturally transfer the resources to the decent entrepreneurs who could efficiently control it. What if those people refuse to hand out their wealth, they would definitely be eliminated by the market, which could force them to hand out their wealth by pushing them to declare bankruptcy. The bottom line is the market will always stubbornly transfer the resource to the entrepreneurs who have the highest capability. It won’t be realized in the society of “ right controls the economy” , social identity system, or state enterprise system. Its overall efficiency of its economy will definitely lower than the one in the society that the resources could be distributed by the market.
所以，假如人们期望市场发挥其高效配置资源的功能，那就根本没有必要去操心成功的企业家退休之时如何安排企业的未来。反正财富、资源是要向具有 企业家精神的人手里集中的，只要市场是自由的，这种趋势无人能够改变。那么，对社会来说，最重要的事情是设计种种健全的制度，让那些不具有企业家精神的人 可以方便地将其资源控制交给富有企业家精神的人，而企业家只要可以充分发挥其企业家精神、其财产权得到切实保障，自然可以发现、创造出这些制度来。(680字)
Logically speaking, it's unnecessary to be concerned about the enterprises’s future in case people expect the function of the fully distribution of the resources made by the market itself because nobody could change the trend that the wealth and resources would eventually go to the decent entrepreneurs as long as the market is doomed to be free.
To the whole society, it is crucial to design all varieties of social protection systems for those people who have not the capability of those decent entrepreneurs could eventually hand out their wealth. Ultimately, those systems could be created and set up naturally well as long as the decent entrepreneurs could fully exploit their ability and the protection of their property rights could realistically guaranteed.
译者：萝卜特鲜
希望能得到高人的指点，如有更好的译法，欢迎指教
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